Dividend Policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dividend Policy - Case Study ExampleThe 1970s was the ten dollar bill of the twain great oil price shocks (1973 and 1979/80) that were to have serious effects on the worlds economies. It was also a decade when the study oil companies saw a decisive change in their mature concessionary relationships. Like its major competitors, BP lost direct access to most of its supplies of OPEC oil as the OPEC countries took control of production and prices.The 1973 price salvo had a dramatic effect on demand. BPs oil sales started falling for the first time since 1952 (with the expulsion of 1957, the year of the Suez crisis). By 1978, sales had recovered somewhat but then came the Iranian revolution and another(prenominal) major rise in the price of oil. In 1979, BP suffered further blows when its assets in Nigeria were nationalised and its supplies from Kuwait cut back. By 1980, its sales were down again.The entire oil industry was affected by the events of the 1970s. But thanks to BPs lar ge investment programme in areas outside the Middle East, the company showed, as it had done in Iran in 1951 that it could survive. As noted, of key importance were the developments of its oilfield discoveries in the North Sea and Alaska. In the autumn of 1975, BP pumped ashore the first oil from the North Seas UK sector when it brought the Forties field on stream. This field development was financed by a bank loan of 370 million, then the largest wholly-private bank advance ever arranged. At its peak, Forties produced half(a) a million barrels a day, equivalent to one-quarter of the UKs daily oil requirement.Today, BPs other oil- and gas-producing countries include Abu Dhabi, Australia, Colombia, Norway and Papua new-sprung(prenominal) GuineaThe spirit of enterprise continues (mid-1970s - today)Diversification and a new structureThe upheavals of the 1970s led BP to pause that it should broaden its activities so that it could operate in the future with more balanced sources of in come. Accordingly, from the mid-1970s there was increased accent mark on diversification into new areas of activity.BPs entry into the nutrition business originated in the 1950s, when the companys French researchers began to develop a process for converting oil into protein. Although the process was later discarded, BP developed other interests in nutrition. From the mid-1970s, it became involved in savage feed, animal breeding and consumer foods and related products. As a result of the purchase in 1986 of the US company, Purina Mills, BP edible became one of the worlds largest feed millers. In 1990, it also took responsibility for BPs household cleaning and personal care products -- successors of the old detergents business.Another industry which BP entered in the mid-1970s was minerals. BP expanded its minerals interests considerably in 1980, when, in what was then the London express markets largest-ever takeover bid, it bought Selection Trust, the British-based mining finance house. In the following year, Standard Oil

Compare and contrast two developmental approaches to the study of Essay

Compare and contrast dickens developmental approaches to the understand of developmental psychology. You must refer to research and theory in your answer - Essay ExampleContrastingly, developmental psychologists who emphasized learning theories, such as Lev Vygotsky, John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner and Albert Bandura focus on the role of environs more than on the part played by biology. The diverse theories are establish on unlike assumptions, but are similar in some respects (Sigelman & Rider, 2006 49).The two developmental approaches which are chosen for comparison in this paper are those of Erikson (1902-1994) and Piaget (1896-1987). The similarities and differences between their theories will be examined, including the extent to which nature versus nourish play a part.On the nature side of the nature-nurture controversy, the nativist belief is that human development is unflinching by innate factors such as genetic endowment and brain maturation. On the nurture side, likewise known as empirism, development is considered as the result of experience and learning. Although there are some biologically based limits on behaviour and cognition, the brains are open, dynamic information processors that are receptive to socio pagan influences (Kitayama & Cohen, 2007 528). concord to Jean Piagets theory, the development of intelligence in children progresses through a series of four stages based on age and concurrent biological changes and maturation. This leads to the child demonstrating a higher level of cognitive surgery at each successive stage, as compared to the previous stage (Videbeck, 2007 61). The stages of development are not universal, since cultural differences exist. However, the mechanisms that underlie cognitive development are considered to be universal (Pressley & McCormick, 2007 89).1. The sensorimotor stage This extends from birth to two years. The child develops a sense of self, differentiated from the environment, and develops the concept of o bject permanence. That is, a perception of the existence of glaring objects even

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Consumer Behaviour - Essay ExamplePhil Kotler defines Atmospherics as the effort to design buying environss to produce specific emotional effects in the buyer that bring up his or her purchase probability. The majority of the American public is unaware that they are spending more or less time in stores, moving slower or faster through the aisles, and purchasing items that gravel no concrete value to them because their unconscious is being told to make decisions contrary to that which they desire.Atmospherics create an put-on that stores try to sustain throughout the consumers shopping experience. In Marketing of the Mind, the authors argue that deal visit a m all(prenominal) solely for its disorientating effect they call it a vacation from the senses, much comparable drinking alcohol. (Walsh, Brown. Media Literacy for the Unconscious Mind. The Journal of New Media & Culture. Winter 2002, Vol.1, No.1).Storeowners attempt to influence consumers by creating an forward-looking sto re layout. Victor Gruen is accredited with conceiving an ideal environment for a shopping mall. Departmental stores, which were the main pulsing to go to malls, are placed at opposite ends of the interior walkway the logic being that consumers must(prenominal) pass all of the smaller shops when traversing between them.Along with climatic control, a lack of clocks, and centrally controlled lighting, the consumer loses all sense of direction, time of day and duration of his or her stay the consumers eye literally becomes glistening over, and he or she loses the ability to make economically realistic decisions. Parking is often located underneath the stores premises, so consumers cannot determine where in the store they are making their entrance, which adds to their disorientation. The shopping environment is thus transformed from a relatively neutral place to one that harbors numerous stimuli that urge

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ASSIGNMENT - Essay ExampleLet us check into both the details about them.Ramakrishna Mission is one of the biggest social institutions in the whole world. Headquarter of this institution is at Belur near Kolkata. As a believer in social wagers, I chanced to know some of the monks who work in this organization. I traveled to Belur in order to observe how the social institution works end-to-end the world. The most interesting liaison which I found in Ramakrishna Mission is the fact that this organization does not only rely on the idealism and leadership, they believe in hard working and this is the main force acting behind their unparalleled success. Sharing my experiences with the monks working here was something told me their secret. Microsociology that exists among all the workers associated with Ramakrishna Mission is the main thing which has made the organization able to reach out for the macrocosmic society in the outside world.The monks let perfect ran kings distributed among them. This ranking is never done following any kind of social status as all of them deport left family life long ago. These ranks are offered to them for the sake of division of labor. They share all the works of the institution. Apart from this, they are also able to continue with their studies. Some of the monks are highly amend and they frequently travel to Western countries to deliver lectures on their philosophy or any other subjects as well. The organization has successfully adopted the outside world laws or the macrocosmic policies inside the institution and they have carefully left the bad elements of the society. Equality is the main theme which is well practiced in Ramakrishna Mission. Swami Vivekananda the dampen of the organization is considered as the leader and his philosophy is followed by the monks.Ramakrishna Mission has a well organized worry system. The manager, who is also a monk, is equal to the subordinates but is very sincere in str ictly

Business Law-Legal Advise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business Law-Legal Advise - Essay ExampleKED Resale offers ceramic capacitors, oftenness control devices, SAW devices, RF modules, and other products manufactured by Kyocera Electronics Corporation. The Connectors segment provides ELCO automotive and telecommunication and repositing connectors. AVX is a subsidiary of Kyocera Electronics Corporation where the latter owns 71% of the Company. The Companys top competitors include KEMET Corporation, Murata Manufacturing and Vishay Intertechnology Inc.In 2008, AVX acquired ATC for $230 million in cash. The acquisition is a major move for AVX to call down the Companys advanced products segment. In addition, it will allow AVQ to contingency into other markets including the development of High Reliability Products and High Frequency Products. Aside from this transaction, AVX has been eyeing other companies with potential of expanding the flow offerings (Wyatt Investment Research, 2008). Moreover, the Company has been active in developing new products for various customers. AVX have introduced several high technology products. The Company has also been involved in developing solutions for energy exploration through a partnership with the U.S. Department of Energy. In particular, AVX developed a hybrid automobile engine to further enhance the governments oil exploration output (2008 Annual Report).One of the major initiatives of AVX in 2009 is the development of products that promote alternative or green energy. The Company expects that investing in the burgeoning market will provide an average of 20% growth annually. The targets of AVX are automobile manufacturers that have started developing hybrid cars and other vehicles. AVX have been innovating circuits, capacitors and connectors for such place (2009 Annual Report). In 2009, AVX announced that all offices will be moved from Myrtle Beach to Greenville which is both in